Evolution of the Project
Digital Humanities Context
The Mapas Project is one of the earliest, large-scale endeavors of the Wired Humanities Project (WHP), the first and only digital humanities center at the University of Oregon, founded in the 1990s. The Mapas Project was the brain child of Judith Musick, WHP Director, and Stephanie Wood, a historian with thirty-years’ experience studying indigenous language manuscripts from New Spain. Our idea was to atomize manuscripts into their pictorial and textual elements for close, collaborative study and for subsequent search and retrieval on line, which would allow for comparisons across many manuscripts. Our wish was to create a prototype that could be useful in the study of any manuscript from any time period or region of the globe. We also shared in the objective of advancing an understanding of the larger Humanities questions, such as the ways native communities under foreign colonization survived and responded to the many impositions, how they viewed themselves and their histories, and how they wrote down and painted their own realities.
Feminist Origins
For several years we have had the generous funding of the Center for the Study of Women in Society (CSWS) in large part because one of our most urgent motivations is to extract from these pictorial manuscripts information about women’s status and roles and the evolution of gender ideology in Mesoamerica, both prior to and as a result of contact with Europe. With Susan Schroeder and Robert Haskett, Stephanie Wood was a co-editor of the anthology Indian Women of Early Mexico (1997), a collection of what was then a relatively small body of scholarship on gender-based ethnohistorical research. Wood has been anxious to see that research grow, and believes that increased access to the details of newly processed primary sources may further the process.
One reason pictorial manuscripts have been targeted here is because elite- and male-authored textual manuscripts sometimes overlook women, as they focus on the men’s own concerns and activities. We theorize that painters setting the scene, however, might have been more likely to include the (undeniable) presence of women, and capture some of their actions, as they surveyed the landscape. Thus, Wood was anxious to join the Wired Humanities Project and try to bring other colleagues into the mix of describing pictorial elements, as well as transcribing and translating texts.
The Wired Humanities Project is part of a larger research initiative at CSWS called the Feminist Humanities Project (FHP), also founded by Musick. For many years FHP sponsored -- and Wood coordinated -- a Gender in History course utilizing digital resources that were drawn from cutting edge research. Through a program called Teaching and Tea, we also shared these resources with high school teachers who found textbooks frustratingly slow to incorporate recent research on women. Launching the Mapas Project, we hope, will inspire similar work among our colleagues who study women in other times and parts of the world, and help expand the number of resources available to increasing numbers of scholars and teachers.
Earliest Phases
In the first phase of the Mapas Project, we began digitizing manuscripts held in repositories (or by collectors) willing to give us permission to publish them on the web without a fee. We try to keep costs down and access free. We know that educators are hard pressed to find the funds to purchase or subscribe to these kinds of resources, and advancing education is a desired result. Also, our work on the manuscripts is also done on a not-for-profit basis. But, until we found external funding, we had a relatively simple website, without search and retrieval. The results of our first phase can be seen at http://whp.uoregon.edu/mapas/.
A notable collaborator in the earliest phase was Dr. Juan José Batalla of Madrid, Spain, who shared his detailed work on the Códice Magliabechiano. Working closely with Batalla was our undergraduate student intern, Cristina Cruz, who facilitate English translations. We were also thrilled when residents of key communities in Mexico came forward to help with the study of various manuscripts. One of these was Ricardo Nolasco of Tzictepec, modern state of Mexico, whose home town holds an unpublished Techialoyan manuscript. (For more information on these manuscripts, see an online essay by Stephanie Wood at: http://whp.uoregon.edu/Lockhart/Wood.pdf, and another by Xavier Noguez and Raymundo Martínez at: http://132.248.101.214/mediawiki-1.11.2/index.php/Artículo_Xavier_Noguez_%26_Raymundo_Martínez.) Another local who came forward to collaborate is Moisés Santillán Zerón, a physics professor in Mexico City and former resident of Tolcayuca, modern state of Hidalgo, a community that is linked to two additional Techialoyan manuscripts. Also invaluable has been the input of Ignacio Silva Cruz, a native speaker and a translator who worked at the Mexican national archives and continues to study pictorial manuscripts.
Breakthrough
A major breakthrough that helped move the Mapas Project forward came in 2004 with the donation by Jay I. Kislak of his valuable manuscript and map collection to the Library of Congress. Having those unpublished records placed in the public domain made their access much easier and motivated us to help make some of them available once again to the Mexican communities that produced them. We selected the four Techialoyan manuscripts in the Kislak Colelction because Wood has considerable familiarity with that genre of Nahuatl-language record. Fortunately, the National Endowment for the Humanities saw the value in working with the Kislak Collection and underwrote the two-year project of processing, describing, transcribing, and translating the four manuscripts we selected and using them as the basis for a new website.
Not part of the grant, but something we incorporated into the project, was the creation of the Distance Research Environment (DRE) with a database for storing and studying the manuscripts and their details. The DRE facilitated the close examination of the manuscript elements by a number of collaborating scholars. Stephanie Wood had the primary responsibility for the image descriptions and textual analysis of the Kislak Techialoyans. Collaborators included James Lockhart, professor emeritus of history at UCLA (who checked the transcriptions and the translations to English), and Dana Leibsohn, professor of art history at Smith College (who checked the image descriptions). A graduate student, Nicolás Enriori García, took the primary responsibility for making the translations from English into Spanish.
As noted, the Kislak Techialoyan manuscripts had not previously been published in facsimile form. Wood had published a Spanish translation of the one from San Cristóbal Tezcalucan and Santa María Magdalena Chichicaspa in the modern state of México. But, at that time, the original Nahuatl and pictorial version was presumed burned by the high court in New Spain in the early eighteenth century. Two more of the Kislak Techialoyans relate to the town of San Juan Tolcayuca, Hidalgo, Mexico, already mentioned. And the fourth is linked to El Cardonal, formerly called Santa María Iztacapan, also in the modern state of Hidalgo. This one was a challenge to identify, given that the name of the town had changed. A colleague in Pachuca, Raúl Macuil, formerly of the Luis Reyes García seminar, helped clarify that for us. In 2007 Macuil took Wood to visit Tolcayuca and El Cardonal, among other communities in the region, where she shot photographs that may one day be included here.
Expanding the Project
Although Stephanie Wood is a specialist in Techialoyan manuscripts and the Nahuatl language, it is clearly not our intention to focus only on these unusual pictorials from the late seventeenth- to early-eighteenth centuries. Our next phase is taking us in important new directions. First, we are seeking to add greater temporal depth to the digital collection, inserting some of the sixteenth-century manuscripts from our first phase into the new database. Second, we hope to move beyond a simple focus on Nahua-authored pictorials and texts, and include manuscripts from additional cultural groups, such as the Mixtecs and Zapotecs.
We also hope to continue bringing in manuscripts that have a variety of formats -- single scenes, multiple scenes, large format, paintings on hide or cloth, and so on -- to see what challenges these represent for analysis and storage of the details. The University of Oregon houses the Mapa de Mixtepec, a painted hide that is originally from what is now the state of Oaxaca and bears the signature of a government official known to have been active at the end of the seventeenth century. This pictorial, with glosses in Spanish and Zapotec, is high on our list of priorities.
Coming soon!
Mapas Project General Bibliography
Aguilar-Moreno, Manuel, Handbook to Life in the Aztec World (New York: Facts on File, 2006).
Aguilera García, María del Carmen, Códices del México antiguo: una selección (Mexico City: Secretaría de Educación Publica, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1979).
Anderson, Arthur J.O., Berdan, Frances, and James Lockhart, eds. and transl., Beyond the Codices: The Nahua View of Colonial Mexico (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976).
Archivo General de la Nación, Catálogo de ilustraciones, 11 vols. (Mexico City: Centro de Información Gráfica del AGN, 1979).
Archivo General de la Nación, Joyas documentales del Archivo General de la Nación (Mexico City: AGN, 1998).
Arellano Hoffmann, Carmen, and Peer Schmidt, Libros y escritura de tradición indígena: ensayos sobre los códices prehispánicos y coloniales (Toluca, Mexico: El Colegio Mexiquense, Universidad Católica de Elschstatt, 2002).
Benson, Elizabeth P., Mesoamerican Writing Systems: A Conference at Dumbarton Oaks, October 30th and 31st, 1971 (Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, 1973).
Boone, Elizabeth Hill, The Art and Iconography of Post-Classic Central Mexico: A Conference at Dumbarton Oaks, October 22nd and 23rd, 1977 (Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, 1982).
Boone, Elizabeth Hill, Cycles of Time and Meaning in the Mexican Books of Fate (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2007).
Boone, Elizabeth Hill, Stories in Red and Black: Pictorial Histories of the Aztecs and Mixtecs (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2000).
Boone, Elizabeth Hill, and Walter Mignolo, Writing Without Words: Alternative Literacies in Mesoamerica and the Andes (Durham: Duke University Press, 1994).
Brotherston, Gordon, comp., Image of the New World: The American Continent Portrayed in Native Texts (London: Thames and Hudson, 1979).
Brotherston, Gordon, ed., Painted Books from Mexico: Codices in UK Collections and the World They Represent (London: British Museum Press, 1995).
Escalante Gonzalbo, Pablo. Los codices (Mexico City: Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes, 1998).
Escalante Gonzalbo, Pablo, "Pintar la historia tras la crisis de conquista," 24–49, in Los pinceles de la historia; el origen del Reino de la Nueva España, 1680-1750 (Mexico City: Museo Nacional de Arte, 1999).
Galarza, Joaquín, Códices mexicanos de la Biblioteca Nacional de Paris (Mexico City: Archivo General de la Nación, 1979).
Galarza, Joaquín, Códices y pinturas tradicionales indígenas en el Archivo General de la Nación: estudio y catálogo (Mexico City: AMATL, AVA, Librería Madero, 1996).
Garcés Contreras, Guillermo, Los códices mayas (Mexico City: Secretaría de Educación Pública, 1975).
García Castro, René, "Los pueblos de indios," 141–60, in Gran historia de México ilustrada, Nueva España de 1521 a 1750, 2 vols. (Mexico City: Planeta/CONACULTA/INAH, 2001).
Glass, John B., Catálogo de la colección de códices (Mexico City: Museo Nacional de Antropología , Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1964).
Glass, John B., "A Survey of Native Middle American Pictorial Manuscripts," 3–80, Handbook of Middle American Indians, Robert Wauchope, gen. ed., Volume 14, Guide to Ethnohistorical Sources, Part 3, Howard F. Cline, vol. ed. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1975).
Gruzinski, Serge, Painting the Conquest: The Mexican Indians and the European Renaissance, transl. by Deke Dusinberre (Paris: Flammarion, 1992).
Gutiérrez Solana, Nelly, Códices de México: historia e interpretación de los grandes libros pintados prehispánicos (Mexico City: Panorama Editorial, 1992).
Guzmán M., Virginia, and Yolanda Mercader Martínez, Bibliografía de códices, mapas y lienzos del México prehispánico y colonial (Mexico City: SEP, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1979).
Hassig, Ross, Time, History, and Belief in Aztec and Colonial Mexico (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2001).
Jansen, Maarten E. R. G. N., and Gabina Pérez Jiménez, Encounter with the Plumed Serpent: Drama and Power in the Heart of Mesaomerica (Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 2007).
Lee, Thomas A., Los códices mayas: introducción y bibliografía (Chiapas, Mexico: Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, 1985).
Leibsohn, Dana, and Barbara Mundy, eds., Vistas: Spanish American Visual Culture, 1520-1820 (http://www.smith.edu/vistas).
León-Portilla, Miguel, and Salvador Mateos Higuera, eds., Catálogo de los códices indígenas del México antiguo (Mexico City: n.p., 1957).
León-Portilla, Miguel, Códices: los antiguos libros del nuevo mundo (Mexico City: Aguilar, 2003).
Lewis, G. Malcolm, ed., Cartographic Encounters: Perspectives on Native American Mapmaking and Map Use (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998).
Lockhart, James, The Nahuas after the Conquest: A Social and Cultural History of the Indians of Central Mexico, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992).
Lockhart, James, Lisa Sousa, and Stephanie Wood, eds., Sources and Methods for the Study of Postconquest Mesoamerican Ethnohistory, Preliminary Version (Eugene, Ore.: Wired Humanities Project, 2007) (http://whp.uoregon.edu/Lockhart/index.html).
López, John F. "Negotiating Colonialism: Indigenous and Spanish City Planning and the Mapping of New Spain," M.A. Thesis, University of Oregon, 2005.
Loo, Peter van der, Códices, costumbres, continuidad: un estudio de la reglion mesoamericana (Leiden?: s.n., 1987).
Los codices de México: exposición temporal Museo Nacional de Antropología, México, 1979 (Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, SEP, 1979).
Miller, Mary Ellen, The Art of Mesoamerica: from Olmec to Aztec (New York: Thames and Hudson, 2001).
Montes de Oca Vega, Mercedes, Dominique Raby, Salvador Reyes Equiguas, and Adam T. Sellen, Prologue by Miguel León-Portilla, Cartografía de tradición hispanoindígena: Mapas de Mercedes de Tierra, Siglos XVI y XVII, 2 vols. (Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Archivo General de la Nación, 2003).
Mundy, Barbara, The Mapping of New Spain: Indigenous Cartography and the Maps of the Relaciones Geográficas (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996).
Museo Nacional del Virreinato, Pintura novohispana (Tepotzotlan: Asociasión de Amigos del Museo del Virreinato, 1996).
Noguez, Xavier, “Techialoyan Manuscripts,” 189–90 in Vol. 3, Oxford Encyclopedia of Mesoamerican Cultures, Davíd Carrasco, ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001).
Primer Coloquio de Documentos Pictográficos de Tradición Náhuatl (Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de méxico, Instituto de Investigaciones Hist
Relaciones geográficas del 1792, estudio introductorio, transcripción y notas de Lourdes M. Romero Navarrete y Felipe I. Echenique March (Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1994).
Relaciones geográficas del Arzobispado de México, 1743, Francisco de Solano, ed., 2 vols. (Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1988).
Reyes García, Luis, La escritura pictográfica en Tlaxcala: dos mil años de experiencia mesoamericana (Tlaxcala, Mexico: Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria y Difusión Cultural, Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, 1993).
Robertson, Donald, Mexican Manuscript Painting of the Early Colonial Period: The Metropolitan Schools, introduction by Elizabeth Hill Boone (Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma, 1994 [1959]).
Robertson, Donald, "Techialoyan Manuscripts and Paintings, with a Catalog," 253–80, Handbook of Middle American Indians, Robert Wauchope, gen. ed., Volume 14, Guide to Ethnohistorical Sources, Part 3, Howard F. Cline, vol. ed. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1975).
Rueda Smithers, Salvador, and Constanza Vega Sosa, eds., Códices y documentos sobre México: Segundo simposio (Mexico City: Instituto Nacionall de Antropología e Historia, Dirección de Estudios Históricos, Consejo Nacional par la Cultura y las Artes, 1997).
Ruis Naufal, Víctor Manuel, "La faz del terruño: planos locales y regionales, siglos XVI-XVIII," in México a través de los mapas, Héctor Mendoza Vargas, et al, coords. (Mexico City: Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Plaza y Valdés Editories, 2000).
Smith, Mary Elizabeth, and Elizabeth Hill Boone, Painted Books and Indigenous Knowledge in Mesoamerica: Manuscript Studies in Honor of Mary Elizabeth Smith (New Orleans: Middle American Research Institute, 2005).
Sten, María, Codices of Mexico and their Extraordinary History (Mexico City: Ediciones Lara, 1978).
Tanck de Estrada, Dorothy, Atlas ilustrado de los pueblos de indios, Nueva España, 1800 (Mexico City: El Colegio de México, El Colegio Mexiquense, Comisión Nacional Para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas, Fomento Cultural Banamex, 2005).
Toussaint, Manuel, Colonial Art in Mexico, translation by Elizabeth Wilder Weismann (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1967).
Vargas Martínez, Gustavo, "La Nueva España en la cartografía europea, siglos XV-XVI," in México a través de los mapas, Héctor Mendoza Vargas, et al, coords. (Mexico City: Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Plaza y Valdés Editories, 2000).
Vega Sosa, Constanza, Códices y documentos sobre México: primer simposio (Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1994).
Vega Sosa, Constanza, Códices y documentos sobre México: tercer simposio internacional (Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 2000).
Von Hagen, Victor Wolfgang, The Aztec and Maya Papermakers (Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications, 1999).
Warhus, Mark, Another America: Native American Maps and the History of Our Land (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997).
Wood, Stephanie, “Don Diego García de Mendoza Moctezuma: a Techialoyan mastermind.” Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 19 (1989), 245–68.
Wood, Stephanie, Transcending Conquest: Nahua Views of Spanish Colonial Mexico (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2003).
Aguilar-Moreno, Manuel, Handbook to Life in the Aztec World (New York: Facts on File, 2006).
Aguilera García, María del Carmen, Códices del México antiguo: una selección (Mexico City: Secretaría de Educación Publica, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1979).
Anderson, Arthur J.O., Berdan, Frances, and James Lockhart, eds. and transl., Beyond the Codices: The Nahua View of Colonial Mexico (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976).
Archivo General de la Nación, Catálogo de ilustraciones, 11 vols. (Mexico City: Centro de Información Gráfica del AGN, 1979).
Archivo General de la Nación, Joyas documentales del Archivo General de la Nación (Mexico City: AGN, 1998).
Arellano Hoffmann, Carmen, and Peer Schmidt, Libros y escritura de tradición indígena: ensayos sobre los códices prehispánicos y coloniales (Toluca, Mexico: El Colegio Mexiquense, Universidad Católica de Elschstatt, 2002).
Benson, Elizabeth P., Mesoamerican Writing Systems: A Conference at Dumbarton Oaks, October 30th and 31st, 1971 (Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, 1973).
Boone, Elizabeth Hill, The Art and Iconography of Post-Classic Central Mexico: A Conference at Dumbarton Oaks, October 22nd and 23rd, 1977 (Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, 1982).
Boone, Elizabeth Hill, Cycles of Time and Meaning in the Mexican Books of Fate (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2007).
Boone, Elizabeth Hill, Stories in Red and Black: Pictorial Histories of the Aztecs and Mixtecs (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2000).
Boone, Elizabeth Hill, and Walter Mignolo, Writing Without Words: Alternative Literacies in Mesoamerica and the Andes (Durham: Duke University Press, 1994).
Brotherston, Gordon, comp., Image of the New World: The American Continent Portrayed in Native Texts (London: Thames and Hudson, 1979).
Brotherston, Gordon, ed., Painted Books from Mexico: Codices in UK Collections and the World They Represent (London: British Museum Press, 1995).
Escalante Gonzalbo, Pablo. Los codices (Mexico City: Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes, 1998).
Escalante Gonzalbo, Pablo, "Pintar la historia tras la crisis de conquista," 24–49, in Los pinceles de la historia; el origen del Reino de la Nueva España, 1680-1750 (Mexico City: Museo Nacional de Arte, 1999).
Galarza, Joaquín, Códices mexicanos de la Biblioteca Nacional de Paris (Mexico City: Archivo General de la Nación, 1979).
Galarza, Joaquín, Códices y pinturas tradicionales indígenas en el Archivo General de la Nación: estudio y catálogo (Mexico City: AMATL, AVA, Librería Madero, 1996).
Garcés Contreras, Guillermo, Los códices mayas (Mexico City: Secretaría de Educación Pública, 1975).
García Castro, René, "Los pueblos de indios," 141–60, in Gran historia de México ilustrada, Nueva España de 1521 a 1750, 2 vols. (Mexico City: Planeta/CONACULTA/INAH, 2001).
Glass, John B., Catálogo de la colección de códices (Mexico City: Museo Nacional de Antropología , Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1964).
Glass, John B., "A Survey of Native Middle American Pictorial Manuscripts," 3–80, Handbook of Middle American Indians, Robert Wauchope, gen. ed., Volume 14, Guide to Ethnohistorical Sources, Part 3, Howard F. Cline, vol. ed. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1975).
Gruzinski, Serge, Painting the Conquest: The Mexican Indians and the European Renaissance, transl. by Deke Dusinberre (Paris: Flammarion, 1992).
Gutiérrez Solana, Nelly, Códices de México: historia e interpretación de los grandes libros pintados prehispánicos (Mexico City: Panorama Editorial, 1992).
Guzmán M., Virginia, and Yolanda Mercader Martínez, Bibliografía de códices, mapas y lienzos del México prehispánico y colonial (Mexico City: SEP, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1979).
Hassig, Ross, Time, History, and Belief in Aztec and Colonial Mexico (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2001).
Jansen, Maarten E. R. G. N., and Gabina Pérez Jiménez, Encounter with the Plumed Serpent: Drama and Power in the Heart of Mesaomerica (Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 2007).
Lee, Thomas A., Los códices mayas: introducción y bibliografía (Chiapas, Mexico: Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, 1985).
Leibsohn, Dana, and Barbara Mundy, eds., Vistas: Spanish American Visual Culture, 1520-1820 (http://www.smith.edu/vistas).
León-Portilla, Miguel, and Salvador Mateos Higuera, eds., Catálogo de los códices indígenas del México antiguo (Mexico City: n.p., 1957).
León-Portilla, Miguel, Códices: los antiguos libros del nuevo mundo (Mexico City: Aguilar, 2003).
Lewis, G. Malcolm, ed., Cartographic Encounters: Perspectives on Native American Mapmaking and Map Use (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998).
Lockhart, James, The Nahuas after the Conquest: A Social and Cultural History of the Indians of Central Mexico, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992).
Lockhart, James, Lisa Sousa, and Stephanie Wood, eds., Sources and Methods for the Study of Postconquest Mesoamerican Ethnohistory, Preliminary Version (Eugene, Ore.: Wired Humanities Project, 2007) (http://whp.uoregon.edu/Lockhart/index.html).
López, John F. "Negotiating Colonialism: Indigenous and Spanish City Planning and the Mapping of New Spain," M.A. Thesis, University of Oregon, 2005.
Loo, Peter van der, Códices, costumbres, continuidad: un estudio de la reglion mesoamericana (Leiden?: s.n., 1987).
Los codices de México: exposición temporal Museo Nacional de Antropología, México, 1979 (Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, SEP, 1979).
Miller, Mary Ellen, The Art of Mesoamerica: from Olmec to Aztec (New York: Thames and Hudson, 2001).
Montes de Oca Vega, Mercedes, Dominique Raby, Salvador Reyes Equiguas, and Adam T. Sellen, Prologue by Miguel León-Portilla, Cartografía de tradición hispanoindígena: Mapas de Mercedes de Tierra, Siglos XVI y XVII, 2 vols. (Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Archivo General de la Nación, 2003).
Mundy, Barbara, The Mapping of New Spain: Indigenous Cartography and the Maps of the Relaciones Geográficas (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996).
Museo Nacional del Virreinato, Pintura novohispana (Tepotzotlan: Asociasión de Amigos del Museo del Virreinato, 1996).
Noguez, Xavier, “Techialoyan Manuscripts,” 189–90 in Vol. 3, Oxford Encyclopedia of Mesoamerican Cultures, Davíd Carrasco, ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001).
Primer Coloquio de Documentos Pictográficos de Tradición Náhuatl (Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de méxico, Instituto de Investigaciones Hist
Relaciones geográficas del 1792, estudio introductorio, transcripción y notas de Lourdes M. Romero Navarrete y Felipe I. Echenique March (Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1994).
Relaciones geográficas del Arzobispado de México, 1743, Francisco de Solano, ed., 2 vols. (Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1988).
Reyes García, Luis, La escritura pictográfica en Tlaxcala: dos mil años de experiencia mesoamericana (Tlaxcala, Mexico: Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria y Difusión Cultural, Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, 1993).
Robertson, Donald, Mexican Manuscript Painting of the Early Colonial Period: The Metropolitan Schools, introduction by Elizabeth Hill Boone (Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma, 1994 [1959]).
Robertson, Donald, "Techialoyan Manuscripts and Paintings, with a Catalog," 253–80, Handbook of Middle American Indians, Robert Wauchope, gen. ed., Volume 14, Guide to Ethnohistorical Sources, Part 3, Howard F. Cline, vol. ed. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1975).
Rueda Smithers, Salvador, and Constanza Vega Sosa, eds., Códices y documentos sobre México: Segundo simposio (Mexico City: Instituto Nacionall de Antropología e Historia, Dirección de Estudios Históricos, Consejo Nacional par la Cultura y las Artes, 1997).
Ruis Naufal, Víctor Manuel, "La faz del terruño: planos locales y regionales, siglos XVI-XVIII," in México a través de los mapas, Héctor Mendoza Vargas, et al, coords. (Mexico City: Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Plaza y Valdés Editories, 2000).
Smith, Mary Elizabeth, and Elizabeth Hill Boone, Painted Books and Indigenous Knowledge in Mesoamerica: Manuscript Studies in Honor of Mary Elizabeth Smith (New Orleans: Middle American Research Institute, 2005).
Sten, María, Codices of Mexico and their Extraordinary History (Mexico City: Ediciones Lara, 1978).
Tanck de Estrada, Dorothy, Atlas ilustrado de los pueblos de indios, Nueva España, 1800 (Mexico City: El Colegio de México, El Colegio Mexiquense, Comisión Nacional Para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas, Fomento Cultural Banamex, 2005).
Toussaint, Manuel, Colonial Art in Mexico, translation by Elizabeth Wilder Weismann (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1967).
Vargas Martínez, Gustavo, "La Nueva España en la cartografía europea, siglos XV-XVI," in México a través de los mapas, Héctor Mendoza Vargas, et al, coords. (Mexico City: Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Plaza y Valdés Editories, 2000).
Vega Sosa, Constanza, Códices y documentos sobre México: primer simposio (Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1994).
Vega Sosa, Constanza, Códices y documentos sobre México: tercer simposio internacional (Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 2000).
Von Hagen, Victor Wolfgang, The Aztec and Maya Papermakers (Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications, 1999).
Warhus, Mark, Another America: Native American Maps and the History of Our Land (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997).
Wood, Stephanie, “Don Diego García de Mendoza Moctezuma: a Techialoyan mastermind.” Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 19 (1989), 245–68.
Wood, Stephanie, Transcending Conquest: Nahua Views of Spanish Colonial Mexico (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2003).
TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) Encoded Files
If you are interested in obtaining xml files of our database in TEI format, please contact Stephanie Wood: swood at uoregon.edu
For more information about TEI please see the TEI Consortium website: http://www.tei-c.org/index.xml
Mapas Project Directors
Mapas Project Staff
Mapas Project Contributors
R. Jonna
Graduate Research Fellow
University of Oregon, Department of Sociology
Web design, database design and management
WHP staff member: 2006 - present
Graduate Research Fellow
University of Oregon, Department of Sociology
Web design, database design and management
WHP staff member: 2006 - present
Ginny White
IT Specialist
University of Oregon
Web design, database design and management, server administrator
WHP staff member: 2003 - present
IT Specialist
University of Oregon
Web design, database design and management, server administrator
WHP staff member: 2003 - present
Ryan Clark
Work Study
University of Oregon
Graphic design for first Mapas website
WHP staff member: 2002 - 2005
Work Study
University of Oregon
Graphic design for first Mapas website
WHP staff member: 2002 - 2005
Nicolas Enriori Garcia
Graduate Research Fellow
University of Oregon, Department of Planning, Public Policy and Management
Spanish Translation
WHP staff member: 2007 - 2008
Graduate Research Fellow
University of Oregon, Department of Planning, Public Policy and Management
Spanish Translation
WHP staff member: 2007 - 2008
Doug Geerdes
Graduate Research Fellow
University of Oregon,Department of Architecture and Allied Arts
Primary designer of Mapas Project website
WHP staff member: 2006 - 2008
Graduate Research Fellow
University of Oregon,Department of Architecture and Allied Arts
Primary designer of Mapas Project website
WHP staff member: 2006 - 2008
Nathan Greenhaw
Work Study
University of Oregon
Web construction, data entry, first Mapas website
WHP staff member: 2002 - 2004
Work Study
University of Oregon
Web construction, data entry, first Mapas website
WHP staff member: 2002 - 2004
Will Henderson
Graduate Research Fellow
University of Oregon
Mapas website prototype, research
WHP staff member: 2003 - 2006
Graduate Research Fellow
University of Oregon
Mapas website prototype, research
WHP staff member: 2003 - 2006
John Henry
Graduate Research Fellow
University of Oregon, Department of Computer Science
Database design, server administration
WHP staff member: 2006 - 2007
Graduate Research Fellow
University of Oregon, Department of Computer Science
Database design, server administration
WHP staff member: 2006 - 2007
Matthew Vu
Work Study
University of Oregon
Web design and construction, first Mapas website
WHP staff member: 2004 - 2008
Work Study
University of Oregon
Web design and construction, first Mapas website
WHP staff member: 2004 - 2008
Stephanie Wood
University of Oregon, Wired Humanities Project
Ethnohistorian and Project Editor
University of Oregon, Wired Humanities Project
Ethnohistorian and Project Editor
Judith Musick
University of Oregon
Coordinator of Technology
University of Oregon
Coordinator of Technology
Juan José Batalla Rosado
Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
Ethnohistorian
Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
Ethnohistorian
Cristina Cruz
Intern
University of Oregon
Translations from Spanish to English for first Mapas Project website
WHP staff member: 2006 - 2007
Intern
University of Oregon
Translations from Spanish to English for first Mapas Project website
WHP staff member: 2006 - 2007
Zacatecas Institute for Teaching and Research in Ethnology (IDIEZ)
Contributions to the Nahuatl online vocabulary
Contributions to the Nahuatl online vocabulary
Dana Leibsohn
Smith College, Department of Art, Latin American & Latina/o Studies
Art Historian
Smith College, Department of Art, Latin American & Latina/o Studies
Art Historian
Jim Lockhart
University of California - Los Angeles
Ethnohistorian
University of California - Los Angeles
Ethnohistorian
Ricardo Nolasco
Digital Photography, local informant
Digital Photography, local informant
Moisés Santillán Zerón
Digital Photography, local informant
Digital Photography, local informant
Ignacio Silva Cruz
Ethnohistorian
Ethnohistorian
Bas van Doesburg
Robert Haskett
University of Oregon, Department of History
Ethnohistorian
University of Oregon, Department of History
Ethnohistorian
Florine Asselbergs
Anny Chen
Work Study
Image processing and annotation, data entry
WHP staff member: 2008 - present
Work Study
Image processing and annotation, data entry
WHP staff member: 2008 - present
Beatriz Cruz
John Lopez
Cardona map of Tenochtitlan
Cardona map of Tenochtitlan
Xavier Noguez
Kaitlan Smith
Amara Solari
Jonathan Truitt
Jim Walker